M Letsie 教授，南非自由州大学工程造价与施工管理系

LATE PAYMENTS TO SMALL AND MEDIUM CONTRACTORS： IMPACT ON SUSTAINABILITY AND GROWTH

　　Mr. Mahlomola Letsie，

　　Lecturer， Department of Quantity Surveying and Construction Management， University of Free State， South Africa

　　Email address： letsiem@ufs.ac.za

　　Abstract：

　　AIM - The purpose of this study is to identify the thread to sustainability of the construction industry as a result of late payments to contractors. The construction industry plays a major role in the economy and social development in South Africa. It provides the much need employment and physical infrastructure in the country. The effects of risks arising from late payment have been felt more particularly by small and medium size contractors causing them severe cash flow problems affecting their performance negatively. The only remedy when faced with a situation of late or non-payment is to consider suspending or stopping the works.

　　METHODOLOGY - A literature review on the subjects of payment risk， cash flow management， job creation and the construction industry. Interviews of local construction company owners and a questionnaire survey was also conducted on various role players in Bloemfontein， South Africa.

　　RESULTS - The study shows that late payments are common in projects financed by the government and municipalities. It further shows a more negative impact on the small and medium contractors than the more established contractors.

　　CONCLUSION - More remedies that the contractor may have apart from suspension or stopping of the works such as enforcing of payment guarantees or harsh penalties on late payments should be explored.

　　 Keywords： Cost Management， Risk Management， Contract Management， Built Environment， Contractor Payments.

向中小型承包商延期付款：对可持续性和增长产生的影响

Mahlomola Letsie

南非自由州大学工程造价与施工管理系讲师

电子邮件：letsiem@ufs.ac.za

　　摘要：

　　研究目的：本文旨在探讨向承包商延期付款对建筑业可持续性所产生的风险。建筑业在南非的社会经济发展中发挥着重要作用，为国家提供了大量的就业机会和完善了基础设施。中小型承包商受延期付款风险的影响更为明显，面临严重的现金流问题，将对业绩产生不利影响。出现延期付款或不付款情况时，唯一的补救措施就是考虑暂停或停止施工。

　　研究方法：对付款风险、现金流管理、就业机会等方面的一项文献综述。走访了当地建筑公司业主，并对南非布隆方丹各相关领域的人士进行了问卷调查。

　　研究结果：研究表明，延期付款在政府投资项目中时有发生；而与较为成熟的承包商相比，延期付款对中小型承包商产生的不利影响更为明显。

　　研究结论：除暂停或停止施工外，针对延期付款现象，应探索出更多承包商可采取的补救措施。如强制执行付款保函制度，对延期付款给予严惩等。

　　关键词：成本管理，风险管理，合同管理，建筑环境，承包商付款